Child seat with movable side head guards

ABSTRACT

Nursing equipment for a child, such as an adjustable child safety seat, includes a back rest, a pair of side guards provided on opposing sides of the back rest for protecting side portions of an infant, and a pair of side head guards provided to be movable in an upward/downward direction and so as to be selectively detachable, inside the pair of side guards. By this structure, the nursing equipment helps to surely protect the head and particularly the brain of an infant as the infant grows.

CROSS-REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATION

[0001] This application is a Continuation Application of U.S. patent application Ser. No. 09/238,265, and is further related to copending U.S. patent application Ser. No. 09/004,699 (which issued as U.S. Pat. No. 6,196,629 on Mar. 6, 2001), of the same assignee as the present application.

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION

[0002] 1. Field of the Invention

[0003] The present invention relates to a nursing equipment or an adjustable child safety support device such as an adjustable child safety seat and, more specifically, to a structure for a nursing equipment capable of fully protecting a head (brain) of an infant.

[0004] 2. Description of the Background Art

[0005] Healthy and sound growth of infants and babies is a common wish of parents worldwide. The first to third years, and especially the second year for a baby is a critical period when the baby comes to be aware of his or her self. Therefore, it is recognized that protection of the head (brain) of the infant of this age is of importance for sound and healthy growth of the infant.

[0006] The head (brain) may be protected by a “proper nursing method” and “use of proper nursing equipment.” Here, “proper nursing method” means proper parental care of the infant as described in detail in, for example, IKUJI NO GENRI (Principle of Child Bearing), by Dr. Jushichiro Naito.

[0007] A vehicular child safety seat disclosed in Japanese Patent Application No. 9-289733 filed on Oct. 22, 1997 and laid-open on Sep. 22, 1998 under Japanese Patent Laying-Open No. 10-250426, by the same applicant as the present application (which corresponds to U.S. patent application Ser. No. 09/004,699) proposed as “proper nursing equipment”, includes a pair of side guards on opposing sides of a back rest. Inside the pair of side guards, a pair of side head guards are provided for protecting the head of an infant.

[0008] In the structure of the vehicular child safety seat disclosed in Japanese Patent Application No. 9-289733, though the position of the head of an infant changes as the infant grows, the side head guards are fixed inside the side guards. Therefore, the side head guards are not always at the optimal position for protecting the head (brain) of the infant.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

[0009] An object of the present invention is to provide a proper nursing equipment for assisting healthy and sound growth of an infant and, more specifically, to provide a nursing equipment which can help to sufficiently protect the head (brain) of the infant against external shock, throughout the growth of the infant. The term “nursing equipment” is used herein refers to an adjustable child safety support device such as an adjustable child safety seat.

[0010] The above described objects of the present invention can be attained by the nursing equipment in accordance with one aspect of the present invention which includes a back rest supporting the infant from behind, a pair of side body guards provided on opposing sides of the back rest for protecting the sides of the infant, and a pair of side head guards adjustable in height in the upward/downward direction, provided inside the pair of side body guards for protecting the head of the infant. The side body guards will be termed side guards herein for brevity.

[0011] AS the pair of side head guards are provided adjustable in height in the upward/downward direction, the pair of side head guards can be positioned optimally relative to the position of the head (brain) of the infant, as the infant grows. Accordingly, it is possible to help to sufficiently protect the head (brain) of the infant against external shock.

[0012] In the nursing equipment, the pair of side head guards are provided detachable from the nursing equipment. Further, the side head guards are provided slidable from an upper region to a lower region of the pair of side guards.

[0013] Preferably, the pair of side head guards are provided detachable from the pair of side guards. More preferably, the pair of side head guards are not detachable when they are positioned in the lower region of the pair of side guards, and are detachable when they are positioned in the upper region of the pair of side guards.

[0014] Because of this structure, it becomes possible to provide a nursing equipment which always fits the body of the infant, as he or she grows from an infant to a toddler, by appropriately removing the pair of side head guards from the nursing equipment in accordance with the growth of the infant.

[0015] Preferably, in the nursing equipment, the pair of side head guards have a shock absorbing structure. More preferably, the back rest has a shock absorbing structure at least at a position of the back rest where the head of the infant rests, for absorbing shock.

[0016] More preferably, the back rest further has a strip shaped member for coupling back sides of the pair of side guards and more preferably, the strip shaped member has a shock absorbing structure for absorbing the shock at least at that position of the member where the head of the infant rests.

[0017] By the above described structure in which respective members are provided with a shock absorbing structure, it becomes possible to cover the head of an infant from both sides and from the back side to fully protect the head. Therefore, the head (brain) of the infant can be substantially fully protected against external shock.

[0018] More preferably, the nursing equipment further has a safety belt including a shoulder belt for supporting the infant on the back rest, and the strip shaped member has a guide hole through which the shoulder belt of the safety belt is passed. Preferably, the guide hole includes a holding member for holding the shoulder belt.

[0019] By this structure, it becomes possible to adjust the position of the strip shaped member and to adjust the position of the shoulder belt of the safety belt, to be fit to the body of the infant.

[0020] The nursing equipment further includes an upper head guard at an upper position of the back rest, and the strip shaped member, the pair of side head guards and the upper head guard are provided integrally, movable in the upward/downward direction.

[0021] This structure facilitates adjustment of the nursing equipment in accordance with the sides of the body of the infant and to always ensure a comfortable space for the infant.

[0022] The foregoing and other objects, features, aspects and advantages of the present invention will become more apparent from the following detailed description of the present invention when taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0023]FIG. 1 is a front view showing a structure of a child seat in accordance with a first embodiment.

[0024]FIG. 2 is a side view showing a structure of the child seat in accordance with the first embodiment.

[0025]FIG. 3 is a cross sectional view taken along the line III-III′ of FIG. 1.

[0026]FIG. 4 is a front view showing the child seat of FIG. 1 with its shape changed.

[0027]FIG. 5 is a side view of the child seat of FIG. 4.

[0028]FIG. 6 is a partially enlarged cross sectional view showing a structure linking the side guard and the side head guards.

[0029]FIG. 7 is a partially enlarged cross sectional view showing the side guard with the side head guards removed.

[0030]FIG. 8 is a cross section view taken along the line VIII-VIII ′ of FIG. 6.

[0031]FIG. 9 is a cross sectional view of the child seat when a shock absorbing structure is adopted in the side head guards.

[0032] FIGS. 10 to 13 are first to fourth illustrations representing the side guard having the shock absorbing structure.

[0033]FIG. 14 is an illustration of the shock absorbing structure disclosed in Japanese Patent Application No. 10-4750.

[0034]FIG. 15 is a front view showing a structure of a child seat in accordance with a second embodiment.

[0035]FIG. 16 is a cross sectional view taken along the line XVI-XVI′ of FIG. 15.

[0036]FIG. 17 is a front view of the child seat shown in FIG. 15 with its shape changed.

[0037]FIG. 18 is a front view showing a structure of a child seat in accordance with a third embodiment.

[0038]FIG. 19 is a front view of the child seat shown in FIG. 18 with its shape changed.

[0039]FIG. 20 is a front view showing the structure of the child seat in accordance with the fourth embodiment.

[0040]FIG. 21 is a front view of the child seat shown in FIG. 20 with its shape changed.

DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS

[0041] The nursing equipment in accordance with the embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the figures.

[0042] First Embodiment

[0043] First, referring to FIGS. 1 to 3, the structure of a vehicular child safety seat (hereinafter referred to as a child seat) as a nursing equipment will be described. FIG. 1 is a front view of child seat 100, FIG. 2 is a side view of child seat 100 and FIG. 3 is a cross section taken along the line III-III′ of FIG. 1.

[0044] Child seat 100 includes a base 1 which is fixed by a safety belt (not shown) installed in a vehicle, and a seat apparatus 2 rotatably supported relative to base 1.

[0045] Seat apparatus 2 includes a seat portion 3 for supporting an infant 80, a back rest 4 coupled reclinable with respect to seat portion 3, and an upper head guard 5 for protecting the top of the head of infant 80, when the back rest 4 is fully reclined backward.

[0046] A pair of arm rests 6 and 7 are provided on opposing sides of seat 3, and a pair of side guards 8 and 9 are provided on opposing sides of back rest 4. Further, a pair of side head guards 10 and 11 for protecting the sides of the head of infant 80 are provided inside the pair of side guards 8 and 9.

[0047] The side head guards 10 and 11 in accordance with the present embodiment are provided along and movable between upper and lower regions of side guards 8 and 9. When side head guards 10 and 11 are slid upward relative to side guards 8 and 9, the shape of the child seat is as shown in FIGS. 4 and 5.

[0048]FIG. 4 is a front view of child seat 100 when side head guards 10 and 11 are moved fully upward, and FIG. 5 is a side view of child seat 100 when side head guards 10 and 11 are fully slid upward.

[0049] Namely, side head guards 10 and 11 can be changed in position as the infant 80 grows, and hence it is possible to position side head guards 10 and 11 optimally for protecting the sides of the head of infant 80.

[0050] Here, side head guard 10 is formed such that a guide bar 21 provided on side head guard 10 is fit in a guide groove 20 provided in side guard 8 as shown in FIG. 6, so that the position of side head guard 10 can be adjusted as guide bar 21 slides along the guide grove 20.

[0051] As the infant 80 grows, the side head guard 10 may become unnecessary. For such a case, a structure allowing detachment of side head guard 10 from side guard 8 may be adopted, as shown in FIGS. 7 and 8.

[0052]FIG. 8 is a cross sectional view taken along the line VIII-VIII′ as shown in the figure, there is a region for pulling guide bar 21 out of guide groove 20 provided in the upper region of guide groove 20. In this region, guide groove 20 has a protruded portion 20 a and a slit 20 b and when the positions of a recessed portion 21 b and a pawl portion 21 a provided on guide bar 21 match the positions of protruded portion 20 a and slit 20 b, side head guard 10 can be detached from side guard 8 (in the direction perpendicular to the sheet of the drawing).

[0053] In regions other than the upper region of guide groove 20, a stopper 20 c provided on guide groove 20 abuts the pawl portion 21 a of guide bar 21, and therefore side head guard 10 cannot be detached from side guard 8.

[0054] As the structure allows position adjustment and detachment of side head guard 10, child seat 100 provides a comfortable space fitting the body of infant 80 continuously as the infant grows to a toddler.

[0055] Attachment of side head guard 11 on side guard 9 is similar to that of side head guard 10. Therefore, detailed description thereof is not repeated.

[0056] It is possible to provide a shock absorbing structure in side head guards 10 and 11. The shock absorbing structure will be described with reference to FIGS. 9 to 14.

[0057]FIG. 9 shows a structure of child seat 100 in which side head guards 10 and 11 are provided with a shock absorbing structure, which corresponds to a cross section taken along the line III-III′ of FIG. 1.

[0058] As side head guards 10 and 11 have the same structure, only side head guard 10 will be described with respect to the shock absorbing structure.

[0059] The shock absorbing structure used for side head guard 10 includes a body portion 10 a having a space in which air is contained and an accordion structure on its surface; an outlet 10 b for discharging the air in body portion 10 a to the outside; and a spring valve 10 c for opening/closing an opening of outlet 10 b. The shape of body portion 10 a is adapted such that capacity thereof is maximum in the normal state.

[0060] When there is a shock applied to body portion 10 a (in the direction of the arrow in the figure), the air in body portion 10 a is discharged to the outside against the spring force of spring valve 10 c as shown in FIG. 11, and therefore the shock can be absorbed.

[0061] Further, after the air is discharged to the outside, pressure inside body portion 10 a is negative as compared with the outside. Therefore, spring valve 10 c is kept closed. When the body portion 10 a is to be adjusted in size to be fitted to the body of infant 80, similar operation is performed.

[0062] Further, the spring force of spring valve 10 c may be adjusted by providing a cushioning material 10 d formed of a sponge, for example, covering spring valve 10 c as shown in FIGS. 12 and 13.

[0063] The shock absorbing structure is not limited to the one shown in FIGS. 9 to 13. For example, the shock absorbing structure disclosed in Japanese Patent Application No. 10-4750 filed on Jan. 13, 1998 (corresponding to U.S. application Ser. No. 09/229,516 filed on Jan. 13, 1999) by the same applicant as the present application may be adopted. An example of shock absorption is shown in FIG. 14.

[0064] The shock absorbing structure has a 5-layered cushion structure including first to fifth cushion layers 5 a, 5 b, 5 c, 5 d, and 5 e as shown in FIG. 14. The second and fourth cushion layers 5 b and 5 d are provided to sandwich, from the front and rear sides, the third cushion layer Sc. The first and fifth cushion layers 5 a and 5 e are provided to sandwich the second and fourth cushion layers 5 b and 5 d.

[0065] Densities of members constituting the first, third and fifth cushion layers 5 a, 5 c and 5 e are selected to be smaller than the densities of the members of the second and fourth cushion layers 5 b and 5 d. Further, the first, third and fifth cushion layers 5 a, 5 c and 5 e are preferably softer than the second and fourth cushion layers 5 b and 5 d.

[0066] Thus, porous member of polyurethane foam is used for the first, third and fifth cushion layers 5 a, 5 c and 5 e, while a porous member of polyethylene foam is used for the second and fourth cushion layers 5 b and 5 d.

[0067] Further, a plurality of air pools 51 consisting of prescribed spaces are provided at prescribed positions in the third cushion layer 5 c, and outlet holes 52 and 53 communicated with the air pools 51 are provided in the second and fourth cushion layers 5 b and 5 d.

[0068] Here, outlet holes 52 and 53 are provided away from the center of air pool 51, and outlet holes 52 and 53 are also provided offset from each other. Outlet holes 52 and 53 are so arranged as to let out the air of air pool 51 not abruptly to the outside upon any shock but at a speed most efficient for absorbing the shock.

[0069] Because of this structure, when there is a shock from the outside (in the direction represented by the arrow A in FIG. 14), the shock is softened by the soft first and fifth cushion layers 5 a and 5 e. Thereafter, the shock is temporarily received by the hard second and fourth cushion layers 5 b and 5 d.

[0070] Then, by the shock applied to the second and fourth cushion layers 5 b and 5 d, the third cushion layer 5 c is much compressed. At this time, air pool 51 provided in the third cushion layer 5 c deforms considerably, so that the air in air pool 51 flows out to the inside of the third cushion layer 5 c as represented by arrow B1 a in the figure. The air B1 b flowing out from outlet holes 52 and 53 flows out to soft first and fifth cushion layers 5 a and 5 e as represented by the arrow B2 in the figure.

[0071] As a result, the air from air pool 51 flows out through the inside of the third cushion layer 5 c, outlet holes 52 and 53, and inside of the first and fifth cushion layers 5 a and 5 e, so that the shock is absorbed gradually. Accordingly, the shock can be absorbed efficiently with minimum speed. Preferably, a plurality of air pools 51 and a plurality of outlet holes 52 and 53 are provided at prescribed positions.

[0072] Second Embodiment

[0073] The structure of child seat 200 in accordance with the second embodiment will be described with reference to FIGS. 15 and 16. FIG. 15 is a front view of child seat 201 and FIG. 16 is a cross section taken along the line XVI-XVI′ of FIG. 15.

[0074] In child seat 100 in accordance with the first embodiment described above, side portions of the head of infant 80 are protected both by side guards 8 and 9 and side head guards 10 and 11. However, the back side of the head of infant 80 is protected only by a single structure of back rest 4 or upper head guard 5.

[0075] Therefore, a strip shaped member 30 coupling back sides of side head guards 10 and 11 in front of back rest 4 is provided as shown in FIGS. 15 and 16, whereby double protecting structures including back rest 4 and strip shaped member 30 can be provided for protecting the back side of the head of infant 80.

[0076] As a result, when side head guards 10 and 11 are moved upward to fit the body of infant 80 as shown in FIG. 17, strip shaped member 30 is also moved upward, and therefore the head of infant 80 can surely be protected.

[0077] Further, by adopting the shock absorbing structure as described above in strip shaped member 30, it is possible to surely protect the side portions and the back portion of the head of infant 80 against shock.

[0078] Third Embodiment

[0079] The structure of a child seat 300 in accordance with a third embodiment will be described with reference to FIGS. 18 and 19. FIG. 18 is a front view of child seat 300 in a first state, and FIG. 19 is a front view of child seat 300 in a second state.

[0080] In child seats 100 and 200 in accordance with the first and second embodiments, side head guards 10 and 11 and strip shaped member 30 can be adjusted in position to fit the body of infant 80. However, upper head guard 5 is fixed on back rest 4.

[0081] In child seat 300 in accordance with the present embodiment, side head guards 10 and 11, strip shaped member 30 and upper head guard 5 are structured integrally, allowing movement in upward direction.

[0082] By this structure, it becomes possible to move side head guards 10 and 11, strip shaped member 30 and upper head guard 5 integrally upward or downward to fit the body of infant 80. As a result, adjustment of child seat 300 to be fitted to the body of infant 80 is facilitated, and a comfortable space is always provided for infant 80.

[0083] Fourth Embodiment

[0084] A structure of a child seat 400 in accordance with a fourth embodiment will be described with reference to FIGS. 20 and 21. FIG. 20 is a front view of child seat 400 in a first state and FIG. 21 is a front view of child seat 400 in a second state.

[0085] Generally, a child seat is provided with a safety belt 50 for supporting infant 80 as shown in FIG. 20. Safety belt 50 has shoulder belts 51 and 52 supporting shoulders of infant 80, and waist belts 53 and 54 supporting waist of infant 80. There is a front belt 55 on which buckle 58 is attached, on seat 3.

[0086] Shoulder belts 51 and 52 and waist belts 53 and 54 are provided with tongue plates 56 and 57. With the tongue plates 56 and 57 fitted in buckle 58, infant 80 is surely supported on child seat 400. By operating a release button 59 of buckle 58, tongue plates 56 and 57 are released from buckle 58.

[0087] In the present embodiment, guide members 31 and 32 for holding shoulder belts 51 and 52 are provided on strip shaped member 30, and guide members 31 and 32 are provided with guide holes 31 a and 32 a through which shoulder belts 51 and 52 are passed.

[0088] By this structure, it becomes possible to adjust the position of strip shaped member 30 and to adjust positions to shoulder belts 51 and 52 of safety belt 50, to be fitted to the body of infant 80. As a result, adjustment of child seat 400 to be fitted to the body of infant 80 is facilitated, and a comfortable space is always provided for infant 80.

[0089] When the structure in accordance with the present embodiment is applied to the child seat in accordance with the second or third embodiment, adjustment of the child seat to be fitted to the body of infant 80 is further facilitated. In view of structure, strip shaped member 30 should preferably be provided in front of back rest 4. However, it may be provided behind back rest 4.

[0090] In the embodiments above, side head guards 10 and 11 are detachable from side guards 8 and 9 and slidable in the upward and downward direction. It is not necessary that side head guards 10 and 11 are attached to side guards 8 and 9. Any structure may be adopted provided that the side head guards 10 and 11 are positioned inside the side guards 8 and 9. Further, position adjustment of side head guards 10 and 11 with respect to side guards 8 and 9 are not limited to the slide structure described above. Any structure may be used provided that side head guards 10 and 11 can be attached at prescribed positions of side guards 8 and 9.

[0091] Though a child seat has been described as an exemplary application of the nursing equipment in each of the above described embodiments, similar function and effects can be provided when the present structure is applied to a baby stroller, a baby chair, a baby bed and a baby belt as other nursing equipments.

[0092] Although the present invention has been described and illustrated in detail, it is clearly understood that the same is by way of illustration and example only and is not to be taken by way of limitation, the spirit and scope of the present invention being limited only by the terms of the appended claims. 

What is claimed is:
 1. An adjustable child safety support device adapted to support an infant thereon, comprising: a backrest that has two opposing sides and an upper end, and is adapted to support a back of the infant; a pair of side body guards that are respectively individually arranged at and protruding from said two opposing sides of said backrest, and are adapted to protect sides of a body of the infant; and a pair of side head guards that are respectively individually arranged inwardly of said side body guards, are movably attached directly to said side body guards so as to be adjustably movable in an upward and downward direction, and are adapted to protect sides of a head of the infant.
 2. The adjustable child safety support device according to claim 1 , wherein said side head guards are detachably attached to said side body guards, so as to be adapted to be selectively removable from said side body guards.
 3. The adjustable child safety support device according to claim 2 , further comprising an upper head guard that is attached directly to said backrest at said upper end thereof and that is adapted to protect a top portion of the head of the infant, wherein said side head guards are adapted to be removed from said side body guards independently of said upper head guard.
 4. The adjustable child safety support device according to claim 1 , wherein said side head guards are slidably movably attached to said side body guards respectively, so that said side head guards are selectively slidable in said upward and downward direction along said side body guards respectively between respective upper portions of said side body guards and respective lower portions of said side body guards.
 5. The adjustable child safety support device according to claim 4 , wherein said side head guards are detachably attached to said side body guards, so as to be adapted to be selectively removable from said side body guards.
 6. The adjustable child safety support device according to claim 4 , wherein said side head guards are selectively detachably attached to said side body guards So as to be detachable from said side body guards at said upper portions of said side body guards and so as not to be detachable from said side body guards at said lower portions of said side body guards.
 7. The adjustable child safety support device according to claim 1 , wherein each one of said side head guards respectively comprises a side head guard member and a guide bar protruding therefrom, each one of said side body guards respectively comprises a side body guard member and a guide groove therein, and said guide bars of said side head guards are respectively slidably received in said guide grooves so as to slidably movably attach said side head guards to said side body guards.
 8. The adjustable child safety support device according to claim 7 , wherein each said guide bar includes a bar member and a pawl protruding therefrom, said guide groove includes an overhanging stopper ledge at a first end portion of said guide groove, said stopper ledge overhangs and engages said pawl so as to retain said guide bar in said guide groove at said first end portion of said guide groove, said guide groove includes an enlarged recessed opening at a second end portion of said guide groove opposite said first end portion, and said enlarged recessed opening is adapted to allow said pawl to pass therethrough so that said guide bar can be removed from said guide groove at said second end portion of said guide groove.
 9. The adjustable child safety support device according to claim 1 , wherein said side head guards each respectively have a shock absorbing structure.
 10. The adjustable child safety support device according to claim 9 , wherein each one of said side head guards having said shock absorbing structure comprises an air chamber in said side head guard and an accordion pleated structure surrounding said air chamber.
 11. The adjustable child safety support device according to claim 10 , wherein each one of said side guards having said shock absorbing structure further comprises a one-way spring valve and an air outlet passage leading from said air chamber to said spring valve, wherein said spring valve is adapted to allow air to pass from said air chamber outwardly through said spring valve and to block air from flowing inwardly through said spring valve into said air chamber.
 12. The adjustable child safety support device according to claim 9 , wherein said shock absorbing structure is a multi-layered structure comprising plural cushioning layers, wherein outermost ones of said layers and an innermost one of said layers have a relatively lower density, and intermediate ones of said layers between said innermost one of said layers and said outermost one of said layers have a relatively higher density.
 13. The adjustable child safety support device according to claim 12 , wherein said multi-layered structure further comprises a plurality of air pools in respective hollow chambers in said innermost one of said layers, and air outlet holes communicating out from said hollow chambers.
 14. The adjustable child safety support device according to claim 12 , wherein said outermost and innermost ones of said layers are polyurethane foam layers, and said intermediate ones of said layers are polyethylene foam layers.
 15. The adjustable child safety support device according to claim 1 , wherein at least a portion of said backrest adapted to contact and support a back of the head of the infant has a shock absorbing structure.
 16. The adjustable child safety support device according to claim 1 , further comprising an upper head guard that is attached directly to said backrest at said upper end thereof.
 17. The adjustable child safety support device according to claim 1 , further comprising a strip-shaped member that is interconnected between said side head guards so as to connect said side head guards to each other.
 18. The adjustable child safety support device according to claim 17 , wherein said strip-shaped member has a guide hole, and further comprising a safety belt including a shoulder belt that is adapted to restrain the infant on said backrest and that passes through said guide hole.
 19. The adjustable child safety support device according to claim 18 , further comprising a holding member arranged in said guide hole and adapted to hold said shoulder belt.
 20. The adjustable child safety support device according to claim 17 , wherein said strip-shaped member is arranged on a front side of said backrest adapted to face toward the infant, and wherein said strip-shaped member includes a shock absorbing structure which is adapted to supportingly contact the head of the infant.
 21. The adjustable child safety support device according to claim 17 , further comprising an upper head guard that is integrally connected to an upper portion of said strip-shaped member and that is adapted to protect a top portion of the head of the infant, wherein said side head guards, said upper head guard and said strip-shaped member are all together integrally movable in said upward and downward direction relative to said backrest and said side body guards. 